英文开题报告格式(第3页)
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From the studies above, we can see that English reading and writing are very important everyone's individual development.
There are many EFL writing approaches, among which the process approach and the product approach are the two prevalent ones. Wang Qiang (2000) points out that the product approach pays great attention to the accuracy of the final product but ignores the process. The product approach is a traditional one, which follows this pattern: the teacher gives a topic, a set of requirements, and a time limit-the students finish the task within the time limit and hand in the final product-the teacher evaluates the students' compositions. Liu Shangfu (1998) thinks that the disadvantages outweigh its advantages in the product approach. The advantage is that the students can get a clear idea of the style, organization, etc. of the composition. But there are obvious disadvantages: the students don't feel free to write because the given topic will lead them to imitate, copy or translate the given models or materials; the teachers mainly evaluate and correct the words, spellings and grammars but give very few comments after the students' works are handed in and, most importantly, the students usually put their works aside after handed down. In this way, the product approach does little good to improve students' writing ability because it only trains their usage of words and grammar knowledge but not improves their mind and sense of writing composition.
Wang Qiang (2000) considers that the process approach does not only pay attention to what students do while they are writing but also attaches great importance to what the students (and the teacher) do before they start writing and after they finish writing. Liu Shangfu (1998) thinks that the process approach puts much emphasis on the students' writing process and help to discover, analyze and solve problems in the students writing process. In process approach, writing is a process of brainstorming, outlining, drafting, sharing, revising and evaluating. In this approach, the students can feel free to express themselves, get guidance from their teachers or peers, experience every details of writing and broaden their mind. But it still has its disadvantages: it costs the students a lot of time and it does no good to the students to form a habit of writing in a limit time. That is because the students usually have a heavy learning tasks in senior high schools and all kinds of examinations require the students to write in a given time.
As mentioned above, we can see that the product approach and process approach are not so feasible and practical in English learning in senior high schools.
As a matter of tact, the positive effects of combining reading to improve writing has been recognize for ages. It can be testified by Chinese proverbs ―He who reads tremendously owns a gifted pen‖ and ―You will become a poet yourself if you have read three hundred Tang poems thoroughly‖。 We can see that the integration of reading and writing in reading have long been used in native language learning and considered as an effective way in improving native language learning. However, the combination of reading and EFL writing in China has just begun. Yang Jing (2003) made a study on improving students' English writing ability through the course of comprehensive English. She deemed that the course of comprehensive English played an important role in providing language knowledge as well as training in language skills. Liu Ye (2006) points out that from reading to writing approach can motivate students into active reading and writing, present a real-life communicative situation and improving writing skills. From the internal law of language development, reading and writing skills were related closely. The process of reading was actually the one that readers gained and internalized the information of language knowledge, the process of input. However, the process of writing was the one that writers presented the knowledge that they had learned or acquired, the process of output. There was no doubt that reading-input, was the foundation of writing-output. And on the other hand, writing –output was the result of reading-input. All in all, some scholars have expounded the possibility of integrating reading and writing on the perspective of theoretical explanation and empirical inference. Some others have carried out experimental researches to testify the feasibility and efficiency of the integration of reading and writing.
In short, researches both at home and abroad on EFL writing have made great contributions to this field. This thesis lays its emphasis on the importance of preparing for writing in common English reading and practice writing in daily English learning, proves the effectiveness and practicability of from reading to writing approach and provides an effective and practical approach for the students to improve their EFL writing ability.


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