Bibliography........................................................................................................................ 12

　　Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 14

　　Appendices........................................................................................................................... 15

　　要求：① 序号必须与正文内容中序号相同。

　　② 标题(一级，二级，三级，四级标题都包含在内)中所有实词的首字母要大写。

　　③ 页码必须与正文内容中页码相对应。

　　④ 内容为小四号字Times New Roman

　　⑤ 页码要对齐。

　　⑥目录中要包括论文中全部章、节的标题、致谢和参考文献

　　1 Introduction

　　(标题内容三号Times New Roman 加粗)

　　In the highly performed chapter of peace development, translation is undoubtedly essential melody. In the great receiving of Chinese nation, translation sound to be an active frontier. Mass culture of translation is a new phase of modernity. It attracts readers and markets with its effect of the “shock”[曹2] to daily life and harmonizing people’s personality. This paper analyzes the form, cause and social significances of this mass culture in the light of Lin Yu tang’s translation practice. People often discuss literal translation and free translation. We lay stress on how to handle two different kinds of language. And which way of translation is better to use to translation a sentence. Especially, target language must express what source language means, distortion is not allowed. Literal translation and free translation are two main forms of translation. They are not repulsive, contrarily, they are complementary. Translation literally, if possible, or appeal to free translation. Literal translation retains original skill. So it is get on for original. When literal translation, encounter some tostadas, people often use free translation. Free translation expresses general idea of the original, and can be accepted by readers. A good translation composition contains literal translation and free translation.

　　绪论即全文的开始部分，编写章节号。一般包括论文的研究背景、研究目的和意义、国内外研究现状、研究方法等。(字数大致在1000字左右即可)

　　从绪论开始，是正文的起始页，页码从阿拉伯数字1开始编排;页眉从此页开始设置。(每章开始要另起一页)

　　2 The Conception of Literal Translation and Free Translation[A3] Conception of Literal Translation and Free Translation

　　方括号标注在标点符号之前。 Literal translation and free translation are two basic skills of translation. Literal translation refers to translate a sentence originally, keep the original message form, including construction of sentence, meaning of the original words, and metaphor of the original and so on. Translation would be fluent and easy to comprehend by target language readers[1]. Free translation refers to, according to the meaning of the original, without paying attention to the details and translation would also be fluent and natural. Free translation need not pay attention to the form of the original, including construction of the original sentences, meaning of the original works, and metaphor of the original and so on. But free translation does not mean to delete or add content to the original and translators must consider the original carefully, know its stress, translate it naturally, and express the meaning of the original. Free translation is a skill which translators must know the culture of both source language and target language, and must have extensive knowledge.

　　When translating, should not use literal translation completely or use free translation completely. According to the passage which you are translating, you should use literal translation frequently and use free translation when necessary[2].

　　But what kind of translation is literal translation? And what kind of translation is free translation?

　　For example: [曹4]

　　(1) Don’t lock the stable door after the houses has been stolen.

　　Literal translation: 不要等马被盗后,才去锁楖门.

　　Free translation: 不要贼走关门.

　　(2) Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful, nor is it a way to make social problem evaporate.

　　Literal translation: 砸镜子不能使丑八怪变漂亮,也不能使社会问题烟消云散.

　　Free translation: 砸镜子并不能解决实际问题.

　　Form the example (1), free translation is better than literal translation. From the example (2), literal translation is better than free translation. But how to use literal translation and free translation. There is a sentence: “ Translate literally, if possible, or appeal to free translation.”