4 介绍目的常用动词

　　丨研究：study,investigate, examine, observe, explore

　　举例：Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.

　　丨评价：evaluate,validate

　　举例：To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patientswith abdominal trauma.

　　丨确定：determine,decide, confirm, support, define, characterize

　　丨证实：prove,demonstrate, document, test, support, testify, verify

　　丨阐明、搞清：explain,elucidate, clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to theknowledge of

　　丨介绍：describe,present, report

　　丨建立：establish,develop, set out

　　丨寻找：searchfor, look for, seek, find

　　丨识别、区分：identify,differentiate, discriminate

　　丨优选：optimize

　　丨比较：compare

　　丨回顾：review

　　丨相关：correlateA with B

方法部分

　　丨研究设计

　　丨研究对象的特性

　　丨干预或处理方法

　　丨测定或观察方法

　　1 研究对象的选择、来源及标准

　　丨纳入研究：were entered into/enrolled in/selected (randomly)

　　举例：A total of 169 patients were included in the study, 83 of whom received……

　　丨排除或退出研究：were excluded from participation，with drew from the study due to/because to

　　举例：……Patients with significant aortic valvular diseases were excluded.

　　2 研究对象的分组

　　丨 ……were divided into/classified/grouped into

　　丨……were divided randomly/randomized into

　　丨……were divided equally into

　　举例：Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1…… Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, ……

　　3 年龄

　　丨某一年龄

　　举例：A 50-year-old patient. Patients (age 26±3 years).

　　丨在某年龄范围内及平均年龄

　　举例：Patients range in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years).

　　丨在某一年龄以上或以下

　　举例：Patients more than 50 years. Patients under/less than 50 years.

　　4 性别、时间

　　丨性别

　　twelve patients (7 male and 5 female )

　　The male-to-female ratio was 1:4

　　丨时间

　　Body weight was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks.……

　　5 诊断与治疗

　　丨诊断

　　be diagnosed as having …

　　be diagnosed as …by …/with …

　　be suspected as …

　　丨治疗

　　be treated with…(alone or in combination with …)

　　be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis

　　举例1：Patients(n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, …

　　举例2：50 patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receiveone of the four treatment regimens. …

结果部分

　　丨是文章结论的根据

　　丨应记录真实的科研数据

　　丨除指示性说明外，一般用过去时表示

　　常用句型

　　丨结果表明

　　丨丨The results showed / demonstrated / revealed /documented / indicated/suggested…that…;

　　丨丨It was found that…

　　举例：The results showed that high thigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate.

　　丨与…有关

　　A was related / correlated /associated with B. There was a relationship /correlation between A and B. There was a relation of A with B and C

　　举例：In sulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530, P<0.05), bodymass index (r=o.563, P<0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05)

　　丨增加或减少

　　丨丨表示数值增加的动词：increase,rise, elevate

　　丨丨表示数值增加的名词：increase,increment, elevation

　　丨丨表示数值减少的动词：decrease,reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower

　　丨丨表示数值减少的名词：decrease,decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering